t>  s£> 


INTERMEDIATE  STATEMENT 

OF  THE 

AGRICULTURAL   COLLEGE 

OF 

IOWA, 


MADE  FOR  1876. 


'ING    THE    Y 


)IAE   BETWEEN   THE  BIENNIAL 


SESSION*  OF  THE  LEGISLATURE. 


AMES,  K; 
^RICULTUBALCptLEOE  STEAM  PRINT. 


INTERMEDIATE   STATEMENT 


AGRICULTURAL    COLLEGE 


IOWA, 


MADE  FOR  1876. 


BEING    THE    YEAR   INTERMEDIAE  BETWEEN  THE  BIENNIAL 

SESSIONS  OF  THE  LEGISLATURE. 


AMES,  IOWA  : 

AGBICUI/TUBAX  COLLEGE  STEAM  PRINT. 
1876. 


BOARD  OF  TRUSTEES. 


Hon.  SAMUEL  J.  KIRKWOOD Iowa  City. 

WILLIAM  B.  TREDWAY Sioux  City. 

BUEL  SHERMAN Fredericksburg. 

C.  C.  WARDEN Ottumwa. 

Hon.  LAUREL  SUMMERS Le  Claire. 


OFFICERS  OF  THE  BOARD  OF  TRUSTEES. 


SAMUEL  J.  KIRKWOOD,  Chairman. 
E.  W.  STANTON,  Secretary. 
WILLIAM  D.  LUCAS,  Treasurer. 
Gen.  J.  L.  GEDDES,  Deputy  Treasurer. 


STANDING  COMMITTEES. 


EXECUTIVE  COMMITTEE, 

KIRKWOOD,  WARDEN  and  SUMMERS. 

COMMITTEE  ON  FARM,  STOCK  AND  HORTICULTURE, 

SHERMAN  and  TREDWAY. 


BOARD  OF  INSTRUCTION. 


A.  S.  WELCH,  LL.  D.,  President, 
Professor  of  Psychology  and  Political  Economy. 

GEN.  J.  L.  GEDDES, 

Professor  of  Military  Tactics  and  Engineering. 

W.  H.  WYNN,  A.  M., 
Professor  of  English  Literature. 

C.  E.  BESSEY,  M.  S., 
Professor  of  Botany,  Zoology  and  Entomology. 

A.  THOMSON,  C.  E., 
Professor  of  Mechanical  Engineering,  and  Supt.  of  Workshop. 

F.  E.  L.  BEAL,  B.  S, 

Professor  of  Civil  Engineering. 

T.  E.  POPE,  A.  M., 

Professor  of  Chemistry. 

*G.  E.  MORROW,  LL.  B., 

Professor  of  Practical  Agriculture. 

*H.  H.  McAFEE, 

Professor  of  Horticulture  and  Forestry. 

M.  STALKER,  B.  S., 
Professor  of  Agriculture  and  Veterinary  Science. 

J.  K.  MACOMBEE,  B.  S., 

Assistant  Professor  of  Physics. 

♦During  187G. 


E.  W.  STANTON,  B.  S., 

Assistant  Professor  of  Mathematics. 

MARGARET  P.  McDONALD,  Matron, 
Instructor  in  English  Literature  and  French. 

J.  S.  LEE,  B.  S., 
Assistant  Professor  of  Chemistry. 

MARY  L.  BARNES, 

Teacher  of  Music. 

Mrs.  M.  B.WELCH, 
Teacher  of  Composition,  and  Lecturer  on  Domestic  Economy. 

Mrs.  A.  THOMSON, 

Housekeeper. 


CONDITIONS  OF  ADMISSION. 


No  student  of  either  sex  can  be  legally  admitted  under  the  age 
of  sixteen.  No  student  will  be  admitted  for  less  than  a  term, 
and  none  will  be  permitted  to  leave  before  its  close,  except  on 
account  of  ill  health  or  other  serious  reasons  not  foreseen  at  the 
time  of  entering. 

Applicants  must  be  residents  of  the  State  and  able  to  pass  a  ' 
satisfactory  examination  in  Heading,  Spelling,  Writing,  Arith- 
metic, Geography,  and  English  Grammar.    They  are  required  to 
understand  the  simpler  processes  of  Algebra. 

At  their  late  meeting  the  Trustees  decided  that  a  sub-Fresh- 
man class  should  be  organized  at  the  opening  of  the  next 
College  year,  (March,  1877),  and  that  such  students  as  desired  to 
prepare  for  the  College  courses  should  receive  instruction  in 
Grammar,  Arithmetic,  Physiology,  and  the  elements  of  Algebra. 
This  privilege  is  granted  for  the  purpose  of  giving  more  thor- 
ough preparation  for  College  classes.  Such  students  will  be 
furnished  with  rooms  in  the  building  if  not  needed  for  the 
College  students. 

Candidates  may  make  direct  application  by  letter  to  the 
President  of  the  College.  By  law  three  are  admitted  from  each 
county;  but  should  any  county  fail  to  apply,  the  deficiency  may 
be  made  up  from  other  counties. 

EXPENSES. 

Students  pay  actual  cost  for  board,  fires,  lights,  laundry, 
damages  to  college  property  when  caused  by  themselves,  care, 
lighting,  warming,  and  general  repairs  of  the  college  building 
and  furniture,  and  such  other  incidental  expenses  as  specially 
belong  to  them  as  a  body.  Students  pay  nothing  for  tuition 
nor  for  the  general  expenses  of  the  College.  Damages  to 
college  property  will  be  charged  to  the  person  damaging  the 
same  when  known,  but  if  fts  author  is  undiscovered  it  will  be 
assessed  upon  the  section  where  it  occurs,  or  upon  the  whole 
school.  Students  supply  themselves  with  pillows  and  other  bed- 
ding, with  towels,  and  with  carpets  Lf  they  desire  them.    They 


supply  themselves  also  with  ticks,  which  can  be  filled  with  straw 
after  their  arrival.    The  rates  of  charges  are  as  follows  : 

Board,  per  week .$2.65 

Fires  and  lights,  per  week 47 

Incidental  expenses,  per  week '. 25 

Laundry,  average  per  dozen,  about?. 60 

Room  rent,  average  per  term 3.00 

As  the  boarding  department  of  the  College  is  self  sustaining, 
receiving  no  aid  from  the  State,  depending  entirely  upon  receipts 
from  students  to  pay  expenses,  there  can  be  no  free  admission  to 
its  tables.  Students  or  other  persons  bringing  friends  are  re- 
quired, therefore,  to  pay  at  the  rate  of  twenty-five  cents  per  meal 
for  each  such  friend  before  admission  to  the  dining  hall. 

The  conduct  of  students  in  the  dining  hall,  during  meals,  is 
under  the  supervision  of  one  of  the  professors,  and  is  required  to 
be  in  harmony  with  the  strictest  propriety. 

The  provisions  purchased  for  the  boarding  department  are  of 
the  very  best  quality  that  can  be  procured  in  the  market,  the  aim 
being  to  furnish  well  cooked,  substantial  and  nutritious  food. 

Students  not  boarding  in  the  building  will,  by  order  of  the 
Board,  be  charged  a  Janitor's  fee  of  $5.00  per  term. 

DEPOSIT. 

Accepted  candidates  will  deposit  fifteen  dollars  each,  with  the 
Treasurer,  as  a  security  for  the  payment  of  their  bills,  and  have 
their  names  entered  upon  his  books ;  after  which  they  are  consid- 
ered members  of  the  College,  and  are  entitled  to  all  its  privileges. 

MONTHLY  SETTLEMENT. 

Students  will  settle  all  bills  for  each  month  at  the  cashier's 
office,  on  the  second  Saturday  of  the  month  following,  the  origi- 
nal deposit  being  retained  till  final  settlement.  The  necessity 
for  prompt  settlement  is  imperative,  and  any  student  who  neg- 
lects this  duty,  except  for  reasons  satisfactory  to  the  President, 
may  be  dismissed  by  him  for  such  neglect. 

CARE  OF  MONEY  AND  VALUABLES. 

Students  may,  if  they  desire,  deposit  money  and  other  valua- 
bles with  the  Treasurer  for  safe  keeping.  "While  the  College 
authorities  will  do  all  in  their  power  to  recover  lost  articles,  and 
to  prevent  and  punish  theft,  the  College  cannot  be  responsible  for 
such  losses  or  thefts  from  the  persons  or  rooms  of  students. 


SPECIMEN  EXAMINATIONS. 


Below  are  given  specimen  examinations.  It  will  be  under- 
stood that  they  are  only  specimens,  and  not  the  actual  ones 
which  will  be  given  to  the  applicant.  Seventy-five  per  cent,  of 
the  questions  must  be  answered  in  order  that  the  candidate  be 
received. 

GRAMMAR. 

1.  Name  and  define  the  parts  of  speech  in  the  following 
sentence: 

"  Maud  Muller  on  a  summer's  day 
Raked  the  meadows  sweet  with  hay." 

2.  Parse  "  had  gone  "  and  "  came,"  in  the  sentence  "  Mary  had 
gone  before  her  mother  came." 

3.  Analyze  the  following  sentence: 

"His  house  was  known  to  all  the  vagrant  train  ; 

He  chid  their  wanderings,  but  relieved  their  pain  ; 
The  long  remembered  beggar  was  his  guest, 

Whose  beard,  descending,  swept  his  aged  breast." 

ARITHMETIC. 

1.  Divide  320,000,421  by  320, 

2.  Get  the  greatest  common  divisor  of  7,030, 1,900  and  7,410. 

3.  Reduce  ^~^2  to  its  simplest  form. 

4.  Divide  .00045  by  .0000009. 

5.  Multiply  3,145  by  .0004. 

6.  Divide  3  miles,  10  ft.,  9  inches,  by  10. 

7.  Get  the  bank  discount  on  $720.34  for  1  year  and  27  days,  at 

9%  Per  cent- 

8.  If  ten  horses  eat  180  bushels  of  oats  in  GO  days,  how  long 
will  240  bushels  last  30  horses? 

9.  Get  the  square  root  of  81,039  to  three  decimal  places. 
10.    Get  the  cube  root  of  65  to  three  decimal  places. 

ALGEBRA. 

1.  From  3  a^bc—21  a&d  subtract  5  a2bc— 24  ab2c. 

2.  Divide  -3a-*  by  a?. 

3.  Divide  a^—fcc  by  a— b. 


9 


4.  Kesolve  «i6— &16  into  five  factors. 

5.  Find  the  greatest  common  divisor  of  Sx^-{-4x3— Qa$— 12a? 
-5  and  3a£-6a?4— 18a?3-f  I2a?2-f  39a?-|-18. 

GEOGRAPHY. 

1.  Bound  New  York,  Alabama,  Michigan,  and  Texas,  and 
name  their  capitals  and  chief  cities. 

2.  On  a  voyage  by  water  from  Duluth  to  New  York  City, 
through  what  waters  would  you  pass,  near  what  States,  and 
what  important  cities  would  you  pass  ? 

3.  How  would  you  go  by  water  from  Chicago  to  St.  Petersburg  ? 

4.  Name  the  important  seas,  countries  and  cities  of  Europe 
and  Asia. 

5.  Name  the  most  important  rivers  of  South  America,  and 
give  their  positions. 

6.  On  a  voyage  from  Portland  to  Vancouver's  Island, 
through  what  waters  would  you  pass ;  what  capes  and  large 
cities  would  you  go  near? 


SPELLING, 

Intelligent, 

Courageous, 

Ketina, 

Panegyric, 

Efficient, 

Traveler, 

Evanescent, 

Embrasure, 

Literally, 

Actuate, 

Whipped, 

Satirical, 

Especially, 

Until, 

Dactyl, 

Occurred, 

Separate, 

Operate, 

Courtesy, 

Panoply, 

Ambulance. 

GOVERNMENT  AND  CODE. 


The  system  of  government  under  which  the  institution  is 
conducted,  has  grown  out  of  its  organization  and  the  purposes 
it  is  designed  to  accomplish.  The  addition  of  manual  labor  to 
the  various  courses,  makes  perfect  regularity  and  promptness 
indispensable  on  the  part  of  every  student.  Young  men  and 
women  are  earnestly  advised  not  to  apply  for  admission  to  the 
college,  unless  they  can  cheerfully  submit  to  wholesome  regu- 
lations. 

The  following  well  considered  rules,  if  obeyed,  give  the  insti- 
tution the  highest  efficiency,  and  secure  for  the  student  the  largest 
possible  return  for  time  and  expense. 

SYNOPSIS  OF  THE  COLLEGE  CODE. 

STUDY,  RECITATION  AND  LABOR. 

1.  The  hours  from  seven  to  ten  o'clock  on  week-day  evenings, 
and  from  7:15  a.m.  to  12  m.,  and  1:30  p.m.  to  4:45  p.  m.,  of  all 
week-days  except  Saturday,  are  devoted  to  study,  recitation  and 
labor. 

2.  Students  shall  attend  promptly  all  exercises  of  classes  to 
which  they  belong.  The  recitation  for  an  excused  absence  from 
class  shall  be  made  up  within  two  weeks  from  such  absence, 

3.  Examinations  shall  be  conducted  in  writing,  when  possible, 
upon  questions  proposed  by  the  instructors  of  the  various 
classes,  and  no  special  examinations  will  be  granted  except  in 
cases  of  sickness  or  unavoidable  absence. 

4.  No  student  shall  graduate  from  this  college  who  has  not 
passed  an  examination  and  obtained  a  standing  of  three  (four 
being  perfect)  on  each  of  the  studies  of  the  course  in  which  he 
proposes  to  graduate.  Studies  which  are  pursued  for  a  part  of  a 
term,  or  a  part  of  the  time  during  any  term,  shall  be  counted 
proportionately  to  such  part. 

6.  All  students  who  labor  are  detailed  by  the  President,  and 
work  an  average  of  two  hours  and  one-half  each  day,  for  five  days 
in  the  week. 


11 


COLLEGE  SOCIETIES. 

The  President  or  Faculty  must  in  all  cases  be  consulted  by 
the  students,  before  organizing  any  literary,  scientific,  or  other 
society.  The  members  of  such  duly  organized  society  may  meet 
for  improvement,  during  the  study  hours  of  such  evenings  as 
may  be  designated  by  the  President  or  Faculty.  Their  meetings 
may,  if  necessary,  hold  till  10  p.  m.,  and  in  such  cases  the  retiring 
bell  shall  be  rung  at  10 :30  p.  m.  ;  but  in  no  case  shall  attendance 
upon  the  meeting  of  any  society  be  construed  to  excuse  students 
from  a  strict  observance  of  study  hours  after  adjournment. 

THE  SABBATH,  AND  WORSHIP. 

1.  Students  shall  duly  observe  the  Sabbath  by  maintaining  a 
proper  degree  of  quiet  and  order  in  and  about  the  college. 

2.  Students  will  assemble  in  the  Chapel  once  in  each  day  for 
prayers,  and  on  every  Sabbath  afternoon  for  public  worship. 

INSPECTION. 

On  each  week-day  morning,  at  inspection  hour,  students  shall 
have  their  rooms  open  and  ready  for  inspection,  and  upon  Satur- 
day morning,  at  least  one  occupant,  or  some  representative,  shall 
be  present  at  such  inspection. 

EXCUSES. 

1.  When  students  have  been  absent  from  any  exercise,  they 
shall  in  person,  as  soon  as  possible,  present  their  reasons  for  such 
absence,  to  the  President. 

OBSERVANCE  OF  BY-LAWS. 

2.  Students  shall  strictly  observe  the  by-laws  pertaining  to 
any  of  the  departments  of  the  College. 

PROHIBITORY  LAWS. 

1.  Students  may  not  leave  the  vicinity  of  the  College  building 
at  any  time  without  permission  from  the  President.  General 
permission  to  be  absent  on  Saturday,  is  given  by  the  President. 

2.  Loud  talking,  whistling,  scuffling,  gathering  in  halls  and 
staircases,  and  boisterous  and  noisy  conduct,  are  at  all  times 
forbidden. 

3.  During  study  hours,  when  not  engaged  in  work  or  recita- 
tions, students  may  not  leave  their  rooms  except  for  unavoidable 
reasons  approved  by  the  presiding  officer  of  the  section. 


12 

4.  At  ten  o'clock  p.  m.,  lights  shall  be  extinguished,  and  from 
this  time  to  the  rising  bell  no  student  may  be  out  of  his  room, 
except  for  unavoidable  reasons,  nor  shall  he  in  any  way  disturb 
his  neighbors. 

5.  Students  may  not  abstract  or  remove  any  article,  whether 
clothing,  food,  furniture,  tools,  fruit,  or  any  other  property 
belonging  to  the  College. 

6.  Card  playing,  and  other  games  of  chance,  cooking,  and  the 
use  of  tobacco  and  intoxicating  beverages,  are  strictly  forbidden 
in  any  of  the  College  buildings. 

STUDENT  GOVERNMENT. 

1.  At  the  beginning  of  each  term,  there  shall  be  elected  from 
each  section,  one  Councilman,  one  Captain,  and  one  Lieutenant, 
and  such  election  shall  be  valid  upon  approval  by  the  President, 
provided,  that  no  student  who  is  a  lawbreaker  shall  be  eligible 
to  such  offices. 

2.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  each  Captain,  or,  in  the  Captain's 
absence,  of  the  Lieutenant,  to  preserve  order  in  his  section,  ac- 
cording to  law,  and  to  report  all  violations  of  law  to  the  Council- 
man of  his  section,  who  shall  present  the  same  to  the  Council 
at  its  next  meeting.  The  Captains  and  Lieutenants  will  meet 
once  each  week  with  the  President  of  the  College,  for  informal 
report  as  to  the  condition  of  the  government  in  their  sections, 
and  to  consult  as  to  the.  best  means  of  securing  harmony  and 
efficiency  of  action. 

3.  The  Council  shall  organize  by  choosing  a  president  and  a 
secretary  from  its  own  members,  whose  duties  shall  be  the  ordi- 
nary duties  of  such  officers  in  deliberative  assemblies.  The 
Council  shall  hold  regular  meetings  each  week  for  the  purpose  of 
trying  such  offenses,  and  only  such,  as  are  reported. 

4.  In  all  trials,  the  President  of  the  Council  shall  preside  as 
Judge,  and  he  shall  appoint  one  member  thereof  to  conduct  the 
prosecution.  The  accused  shall  be  present  during  his  trial.  He 
may  have  a  member  of  the  Council  appointed  as  his  attorney, 
and  he  shall  have  the  privilege  of  cross-questioning  witnesses  in 
person  or  by  his  attorney. 

5.  In  any  trial,  the  testimony  of  the  officer  reporting  the 
offense,  that  of  all  other  competent  witnesses,  and  admissions 
made  by  the  accused,  shall  be  received  in  evidence. 

6.  The  verdict,  and  the  number  of  demerits,  shall  each  be 


13 

given  by  vote,  in  which  the  President  shall  have  only  the  casting 
vote,  and  no  member  shall  be  debarred  from  voting  on  account 
of  giving  evidence  in  the  case. 

7.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  Council  to  report  its  proceedings 
to  the  Faculty,  weekly,  for  approval. 

8.  When  a  student  officer  has  been  reported  to  the  Council  for 
any  misdemeanor,  the  Council  shall,  without  trial,  refer  the  case 
to  the  Faculty. 

9.  "Whenever  it  shall  appear  that  the  members  of  any  section 
are  not  able  to  maintain  good  order,  and  the  disorder  shall  not 
seem  curable  by  other  and  milder  means,  the  President  of  the 
College  may  vacate  the  rooms  in  such  section. 

10.  When  the  demerits  of  any  student  reach  five  in  number, 
he  will  be  warned  by  the  Secretary  of  the  Faculty ;  when  his 
demerits  reach  ten,  the  Secretary  will  again  wrarn  him,  and  advise 
his  friends  of  such  action,  writh  the  reasons  therefor;  for  fifteen 
demerits  he  shall  be  requested  to  withdraw  from  the  College. 

11.  The  Faculty  reserve  the  right  to  try  or  rehear  all  cases  of 
disorder,  disobedience  or  immorality,  when  circumstances  de- 
mand it. 

12.  The  Faculty  reserve  the  right  to  expunge  the  demerit 
marks  of  any  student  upon  his  subsequent  blameless  conduct. 


MANUAL  LABOR 

The  following  rules,  regulating  manual  labor,  were  established 
by  the  Trustees,  at  their  Spring  meeting,  1876,  and  have  been  in 
successful  operation  during  the  last  college  year. 

1.  The  manual  labor  required  by  law,  of  students  in  the 
College,  is  divided  into  two  kinds,  viz:  uninstructive  labor, 
which  shall  be  compensated  by  the  payment  of  wages;  and 
instructive  labor,  which  shall  be  compensated  by  the  instruction 
given  and  the  skill  acquired. 

2.  Uninstructive  labor  shall  comprise  all  the  operations  in 
the  workshop,  garden,  dining  room,  upon  the  farm,  and  else- 
where, in  which  the  work  done  accrues  to  the  benefit  of  the 
College  and  not  to  the  student;  instructive  labor  shall  embrace 
all  those  operations  in  the  workshop,  museum,  laboratory,  dining 
room,  upon  the  farm,  and  elsewhere,  in  which  the  sole  purpose  of 
the  student  is  the  acquisition  of  skill  and  practice. 

3.  Members  of  the  Freshman  class  shall  engage  in  uninstruc- 
tive labor  12%  hours  each  week  of  the  term,  at  the  rate  of  from 
4  to  9  cents  per  hour. 

4.  The  members  of  the  higher  classes  shall  engage  in  instruc- 
tive labor  in  the  presence  and  under  the  instruction  of  the 
Professor  in  charge,  and  the  amount  and  time  of  such  labor 
shall  be  determined  by  the  Industrial  Committee. 

5.  Special  details  shall  be  given,  on  application,  to  the  most 
faithful  and  meritorious  students  of  the  higher  classes,  at  the 
rate  of  pay  for  uninstructive  labor. 

6.  Students  of  the  higher  classes  may,  at  their  option,  engage 
in  uninstructive  labor,  for  not  less  than  one  month,  at  the  same 
rate  and  under  the  same  conditions  as  the  Freshman  class. 

7.  Students  capable  of  acting  efficiently  as  foremen,  on  ap- 
pointment to  such  duty  by  the  Industrial  Committee,  may 
receive  increased  pay,  not  exceeding  14  cents  per  hour. 

8.  Students,  whose  promptness,  punctuality,  efficiency  and 
good  conduct  shall  be  found  of  a  high  character,  may  be  recom- 
mended by  the  Professor  in  charge,  at  the  close  of  each  month, 
to  the  Industrial  Committee  for  pay,  during  the  past  month,  at 
the  rate  of  ten  cents  per  hour. 


15 

9.  The  Industrial  Committee  shall  be  composed  of  the  super- 
intendents of  the  industrial' departments,  viz:  the  Professor  of 
Practical  Agriculture,  the  Superintendent  of  the  farm,  the  Pro- 
fessor of  Horticulture  and  Forestry,  the  Professor  of  Mechanics, 
the  Steward,  the  Preceptress,  and  the  Superintendent  of  the 
dining  room  and  kitchen.  The  President  of  the  College  shall  be 
chairman.  This  committee  shall  have  power  to  try  all  offenses 
of  students  while  engaged  in  labor,  and  to  vote  demerit  marks 
for  the  same,  the  student  having  the  privilege  of  appeal  to  the 
Judiciary  Committee. 


COURSES  OF  STUDY. 


AGRICULTURAL  COURSE. 

FRESHMAN  YEAR. 

First  Term.  Second  Term. 

Algebra.  Geometry. 

Book-keeping.  Physiology. 

Analysis  of  English  Language.  Elements  of  Criticism. 

Rhetoric.  Agriculture. 

Free-hand  Drawing.  Free-hand  Drawing. 

Elocution;  English  Composi-  Elocution  ;     English    Composi- 
tion, tion. 

French  or  Latin.    (Optional  to  French  or  Latin.    [Optional.) 
proficients  in  Analysis). 

SOPHOMORE  YEAR, 

First  Term.  Second  Term. 

Plane  Trigonometry  and  Sur-  Inorganic    Chemistry :    Qualita- 

veying.  tive  Analysis. 

General  Chemistry.  Botany. 

Botany.  Zoology;  Entomology. 

Physics.  Agriculture :      History,     races, 

breeding  and  management  of 
domestic  animals. 
Physics. 

JUNIOR  YEAR. 

First  Term.  Second  Term. 

Organic  Chemistry,  and  Quan-  Agriculture:  Farm  engineering 
titative  Analysis.  and   architecture  ;    draining  ; 

Botany.  road  making;    water  supply; 

Physics.  plans  for  farm  buildings. 

Horticulture:   Propagation  of  Agricultural  Chemistry:  Analy- 
plants,  seedlings,  grapes  and      sis  of  soils,  etc. 
fruits;  fruit  culture;  forestry.  Comparative      Anatomy      and 

Physiology. 
Physics :  Meteorology. 
Elocution:     Reading  of  Shaks- 

peare. 
Landscape  Gardening. 
Addresses  in  Chapel. 


17 


SENIOR  YK A 11. 


First  Term. 
Psychology. 
Geology. 

Agricultural  Chemistry. 
Veterinary  Science. 
Addresses  in  Chapel. 


Second  Term. 
Political  Economy. 
Constitutional  History  and  Law. 
Science  of. Language. 
Veterinary  Science  and  Practice. 
Laboratory  work:  Food  analysis. 


COURSE  IN  MECHANICAL  ENGINEERING. 

FRESHMAN  YEAR. 

Identical  with  the  course  in  Agriculture. 

SOPHOMORE  YEAR. 

First  Term.  Second  Term. 

Identical  with  the  course  in  Analytical  Geometry. 
Agriculture.  Descriptive  Geometry,  Church. 

Inorganic   Chemistry:   Qualita- 
tive Analysis. 
Physics. 

JUNIOR  YEAR, 


First  Term. 

Differential  and  Integral  Cal- 
culus, Buckingham. 

Shades,  Shadows  and  Perspec- 
tive, Church. 

Physics. 

Theoretical  Mechanics,  Peck. 


Second  Term. 

Exercises  in  Mechanical  Draw- 
ing, Warren. 

Applied  Mechanics:  Strength  of 
Materials,  Wood. 

Physics:  Meteorology. 

French. 

Addresses  in  Chapel.  * 


SENIOR  YEAR. 


First  Term. 
Psychology. 
Geology.    {Optional.) 
Principles  of  Mechanism. 
Machine  Drawing. 
French. 
Addresses  in  Chapel. 


Second  Term. 
Political  Economy. 
Constitutional  History  and  Law. 
Theory  of  Motors,  Rankine. 
Designs,  Details,  and  Estimates 
for  Machinery. 


COURSE  IN  CIVIL  ENGINEERING. 

For  the  Freshman,  Sophomore,  and  Junior  Years,  the  course 
is  identical  with  the  course  in  Mechanical  Engineering. 


L8 


SENIOE  S  : 
First  Term.  Second  Term. 

Psychology.  Political  Economy. 

Geology.    {Optional)  Constitutional  History  and  Law. 

Civil  Engineering:    Materials  Civil    Engineering:    Combined 

and  structures.  structures. 

Field   practice:     Surveys   for  Designs  and  detailed  drawings 

railways  and   other  works,      for    Bridges  and    other  Civil 

with  maps  and  plans  in  de-      Constructions. 

tail  for  their  construction. 
French. 
Addresses  in  Chapel. 

COUKSE  IJST  GENERAL  SCIENCE  FOR  LADIES. 

For  the  Freshman  year  the  course  is  identical  with  the  course 
in  Agriculture. 


First  Term. 
General  Chemistry. 
Botany. 

English  Literature. 
Physics. 

Plane  Trigonometry.    (Option 
al.) 


SOPHOMORE  YEAR, 

Second  Term. 
Inorganic   Chemistry : 

tive  Analysis. 
Botany. 

Zoology :  Entomology. 
Physics. 


Qualita- 


First  Term. 
Organic  Chemistry. 
Botany. 

Domestic  Economy. 
Physics. 


First  Term. 
Psychology. 
Geology. 
French. 

Addresses  in  Chapel. 


JUNIOK  YEAE. 

Second  Term. 
Comparative      Anatomy      and 

Physiology. 
Physics :  Meteorology. 
French. 

Domestic  Economy. 
Domestic  Chemistry. 
Landscape  Gardening. 
Elocution :  Reading  Shakspeare. 
Addresses  in  Chapel. 

SENIOR  YEAR. 

Second  Term. 
Political  Economy. 
Constitutional  History  and  Law 
Science  of  Language. 


19 

NORMAL  COURSE. 

The  course  of  lectures  for  the  Normal  Department  includes 
the  following  subjects :  Organization  and  Government  of  Schools ; 
Methods  of  Teaching;  Primary  Instruction;  Natural  order  of 
studies  corresponding-  to  the  order  of  evolution  of  the  intellectual 
powers;  Mental  Philosophy  as  applied  to  the  work  of  the  school 
room;  Rigid  review  of  the  common  branches. 

The  above  course  of  lectures  will  be  given  during  the  last 
month  of  the  College  year. 

SPECIAL  COURSES. 

For  the  purpose  of  enabling  students  of  the  Junior  and  Senior 
classes  to  attain  a  high  degree  of  proficiency^  in  any  special 
branch  of  industrial  science  or  art,  the  Faculty  permit  a  choice 
of  some  single  study  and  the  omission  of  others  as  given  below. 
It  is  understood  that  the  student  will  devote  double  the  usual 
time  to  the  study  so  chosen. 

The  special  student  in  Chemistry  may  omit,  in  Junior  year, 
first  term,  Botany  or  Physics ;  second  term,  Comparative  Anat- 
omy or  Physics :  Senior  year,  first  term,  Geology  and  Veterinary 
Science ;  second  term,  Veterinary  Science  and  Practice. 

The  special  student  in  Botany  may  omit,  in  Junior  year,  first 
term,  Chemistry  or  Physics ;  second  term,  Chemistry,  Physics,  or 
Comparative  Anatomy:  Senior  year,  first  term,  Geology  or 
Veterinary  Science ;  second  term,  Veterinary  Science  and  Practice. 

The  special  student  in  Physics  may  omit,  in  Junior  year,  first 
term,  Chemistry  or  Botany ;  second  term,  Chemistry  or  Compar- 
ative Anatomy :  Senior  year,  first  term,  Geology,  or  Veterinary 
Science  and  Agricultural  Chemistry ;  second  term,  Veterinary 
Science  and  Practice, 

The  special  student  in  Agriculture  may  omit,  in  Junior 
year,  first  term,  Horticulture  and  Physics;  second  term,  Physics 

The  special  student  in  Horticulture  may  omit,  in  Junior 
year,  first  term,  Physics;  second  term,  Agriculture  and  Physics. 

The  special  student  in  Geology  may  omit,  in  Senior  year,  first 
term,  Veterinary  Science  and  Agricultural  Chemistry;  second 
term,  Veterinary  Science  and  Practice. 

The  special  student  in  Veterinary  Science  may  omit,  in 
Junior  year,  first  term,  Botany  or  Chemistry;  second  term,  Agri- 
cultural Chemistry  or  Physics. 


20 

The  special  student  in  Mechanics  may  omit,  in  Junior  year, 
first  term,  Physics;  second  term,  Physics:  Senior  year,  first 
term,  Geology  and  French. 

The  special  student  in  Civil  Engineering  may  omit,  in  Senior 
year,  first  term,  Geology  or  French. 


22 


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23 

•  Tri-weekly.  On  Mondays,  Wednesdays,  and  Fridays. 

f  Semi-weekly.  On  Tuesdays  and  Thursdays. 

JThe  Freshman  class  is  divided  into  lour  divisions,  A,  13,  C,D. 
Whereof:  On  Monday  A  and  13  have  Free-hand  Drawing,  C 
Elocution,  1)  English  Composition. 

On  Tuesday  A  has  Elocution,  B  English  Composition,  G  and 

I  Free-hand  Drawing. 

On  Wednesdays  the  whole  class  has  Military  Drill. 

On  Thursdays  A  and  13  have  Free-hand  Drawing,  C  English 
Composition,  D  Elocution. 

On  Friday  A  has  English  Composition,  T3  Elocution,  C  and  D 
Free-hand  Drawing. 

On  Tuesdays  the  Sophomores  have  Military  Drill  from  10  to  11 . 

On  Thursdays  the  Juniors        "  "  "         "9  to  10. 

On  Mondays  the  Seniors  "  "  "        "       9  to  10. 

§  The  Sophomore  class  is  so  arranged  that  during  the  Spring 
Term  each  student  spends  two  afternoons  per  week  in  the  Chem- 
ical Laboratory,  and  one  afternoon  per  week  in  the  field  Sur- 
veying, throughout  the  term. 

TT  The  Sophomore  class  is  so  arranged  during  the  Fall  Term 
that  each  student  spends  three  afternoons  per  wreek  in  the  Chem- 
ical Laboratory. 

In  place  of  Trigonometry  and  Surveying  the  ladies  have 
English  Literature  at  the  same  hour. 

Other  special  studies  in  the  Ladies'  course  will  have  the  time 
for  their  recitation  arranged  when  the  classes  are  formed. 

The  hours  for  lessons  and  practice  in  Music  are  arranged  pri- 
vately by  the  teacher  with  each  pupil. 


DEPARTMENTS  OF  INSTRUCTION. 


AGRICULTURE  AND  VETERINARY  SCIENCE. 

The  aim  of  this  department  is  to  add  skill  in  the  various  actual 
operations  of  the  farm,  to  a  complete  understanding  of  those 
operations,  and  a  thorough  knowledge  of  the  principles  which 
underlie  them,  to  impart  a  thoroughly  scientific  knowledge  of 
the  entiology,  pathology  and  treatment  of  the  various  diseases  to 
which  our  domestic  animals  are  subject. 

The  preliminary  studies  are  pursued  in  the  departments  of 
Mathematics,  Chemistry,-  Botany,  Zoology,  and  Physiology,  and 
upon  the  perfect  mastery  of  these,  depends  largely  the  student's 
success  in  the  later  and  more  comprehensive  study  of  these  sub- 
jects. 

The  theoretical  study  of  Agriculture  proper,  occupies  two 
years  and  is  divided  at  present  between  President  Welch, 
Professors  Stalker  and  Bessey  and  the  Professor  of  Horticulture. 

Instruction  in  Agricultural  Chemistry  and  analysis  of  soils,  is 
given  by  the  Professor  of  Chemistry  during  the  Junior  and 
Senior  years.  Instruction  in  the  management  of  the  domestic 
animals,  rotation  of  crops,  use  of  manures,  raising  of  crops  etc. 
is  given  by  Professor  Stalker.  Lectures  on  the  formation  of  soils 
and  kindred  topics,  are  given  by  the  Professor  of  Geology. 

FRESHMAN  YEAR. 

During  the  second  term  of  this  year,  Professor  Stalker  gives 
two  lectures  per  week  on  the  history  of  Agriculture  and  the 
most  approved  method  of  farming  in  our  own  State. 

SOPHOMORE  YEAR. 

The  history,  races,  breeding  and  management  of  domestic 
animals.  President  Welch  lectures  upon  cattle  during  the  sec- 
ond term,  and  Professor  Stalker  upon  horses  and  swine. 

JUNIOR  YEAR. 

First  Term.  —  Propagation  of  plants,  seedlings,  grapes,  and 
fruits,  orcharding,  fruit  culture  and  forestry. 


25 

The  Professor  of  Horticulture  gives  lectures  upon  all  these 
topics. 

Second  Term.— Farm  engineering  and  architecture,  embracing 
drawing,  road  making,  water  supply,  farm  machinery,  plans  for 
farm  houses,  etc.  AVeekly  practice  is  given  the  class  in  survey- 
ing and  leveling. 

SENIOR  YEAH. 

First  Term.— Professor  Stalker  gives  three  lectures  per  week 
on  Veterinary  Anatomy,  including  osteology,  myology, digestive 
apparatus,  the  circulatory  and  nervous  systems,  etc.  All  these 
lectures  are  fully  illustrated  by  skeletons  and  carefully  prepared 
specimens  of  the  various  organs. 

Second  Term,— Professor  Stalker  gives  three  lectures  per  week 
on  pathology,  the  cause  and  treatment  of  diseases  of  domestic 
animals  and  the  action  and  uses  of  medicines  in  veterinary  prac- 
tice. The  class  will  have  the  advantage  of  a  clinic  once  each 
week. 

The  above  lectures  are  given  either  in  class-room,  field  or 
stable  as  the  subject  requires.  The  practical  operations  in  agri- 
culture are  fully  illustrated  in  the  management  of  the  large  farm 
attached  to  the  College  upon  which  a  course  of  mixed  hus- 
bandry is  pursued  under  the  superintendence  of  Professor 
Stalker.  In  addition,  the  orchards,  nurseries,  vineyards,  and 
small  fruit  gardens  are  under  the  immediate  charge  of  the  Pro- 
fessor of  Horticulture.  This  gentleman  employs  students  to 
do  the  work  in  his  department  and  trains  them  in  all  the 
operations  connected  therewith.  The  College  Farm  has  great 
variety  of  soil,  necessitating  a  varied  culture.  For  its  cultiva- 
tion it  has  all  the  more  approved  farm  machinery,  and  for  the 
purpose  of  illustration  it  is  stocked  with  many  of  the  more 
important  breeds  of  cattle,  sheep,  swine  and  fowls. 

HORTICULTURE  AND  FORESTRY. 

This  department  embraces  the  instruction  and  practice  in  culi- 
nary horticulture,  floriculture,  pomology,  and  forestry,  and  com- 
prises class-room  exercises  and  field  lectures  in  the  presence  of  the 
objects  to  be  studied,  together  with  daily  practice  in  all  the  man- 
ipulations of 'the  work  of  the  gardens,  nurseries,  orchards,  for- 


20 

estry  plantations,  flower  borders,  hedges  and  ornamental  grounds. 
The  instruction  is  imparted  principally  by  lectures,  and  the 

topics  are  considered  in  the  following  order:  First,  general  horti- 
culture, embracing  physics  of  the  soil,  plant  development  and 
nutrition,  and  external  influences  upon  plants;  second,  technical 
horticulture,*  embracing  descriptions  and  studies  of  implements, 
processes,  and  plants  and  their  products. 

The  teaching  is  supplemented,  as  far  as  may  be,  by  practice 
on  all  the  operations  and  details  of  the  work  which  is  always  in 
progress  while  the  College  is  in  session ;  and  principles  and  facts 
are  fixed  in  the  mind  by  the  use  of  visible  objects  of  study 
always  accessible  to  the  student. 

The  means  of  practical  illustration  at  the  command  of  the 
department  are  as  follows: 

The  vegetable  gardens,  planted  in  all  descriptions  of  culinary 
crops. 

The  nurseries,  planted  with  such  stock  as  will  best  illustrate 
our  work. 

The  orchards,  planted  with  seventy  varieties  of  apples,  four- 
teen varieties  of  pears,  five  varieties  of  cherries,  and  three  vari- 
eties of  plums. 

The  small  fruit  plantations,  planted  with  the  hardiest  and  best 
varieties  of  grapes,  raspberries,  currants,  strawberries,  etc. 

The  forestry  plantations,  planted  with  such  trees  as  are  best 
adapted  to  climate  and  location. 

The  ornamental  grounds,  planted  with  one  hundred  and  fifteen 
varieties  of  trees  and  shrubs. 

The  flower  gardens,  upon  which  a  large  variety  of  hardy  flow- 
ering shrubs  and  plants  are  grown. 

In  addition,  collections  are  in  hand,  or  being  made,  as  follows: 

A  set  of  facsimile  casts  of  the  fruits  of  Iowa,  native  and 
introduced. 

A  set  of  the  native  woods  of  Iowa,  with  their  leaves  and  fruits. 

A  set  of  sections  of  the  cultivated  wroods  of  Iowra,  to  show  the 
rate  of  growth  under  culture. 

A  set  of  insects  injurious  to  objects  of  culture  in  this  depart- 
ment. 

A  set  of  insects  and  animals  beneficial  in  horticulture,  by 
being  predatory  upon  destructive  insects. 

A  set  of  abnormal  and  of  diseased  growths. 


27 
CHEMISTRY. 

FACILITI  is. 

For  an  earnest  student,  one  desirous  of  obtaining  a  practical 
and  available  knowledge  of  Chemistry,  this  College  certainly 
affords  superior  advantages.  The  laboratories  are  well  supplied 
with  the  advances  of  recent  years,  giving  to  each  student  the 
benefits  of  a  table,  gas,  water,  and  chemical  apparatus  for  his 
exclusive  use.  There  are  one  hundred  of  these  tables,  made  of 
black  walnut,  at  which  all  the  experiments  of  agricultural  and 
inorganic  chemistry  may  be  performed,  also  benches  covered 
with  tiles,  where  organic  work  may  be  done.  ISTo  expense  has 
been  spared  to  fit  these  laboratories  up  and  add  such  new  appa- 
ratus as  the  advances  in  Chemistry  demand.  Particular  advan- 
tages are  offered  to  those  students  who  wish  to  make  chemistry 
a  special  study,  also  for  our  own  graduates  and  those  of  other 
colleges  to  take  an  advanced  course. 

SOPHOMORE  YEAR. 

First  Term. — General  Inorganic  Chemistry.  Recitation  three 
times  and  Laboratory  practice  twice  each  week.  The  topics 
discussed  in  the  text  books  and  lectures,  are  illustrated  by 
experiments  in  the  Laboratory,  which  the  student  is  required  to 
perform. 

Second  Term. — General  Inorganic  Chemistry  and  Qualitative 
Analysis.  The  recitations  comprise  a  careful  review  of  the  pre- 
vious term's  work.  The  laboratory  practice  (three  afternoons  in 
the  week)  embraces  a  thorough  course  in  Qualitative  Analysis. 
Roth  the  simple  and  complex  substances,  which  the  student  is 
tematically  taught  to  analyze,  well  fit  him  for  future  useful- 
in  tli is  important  branch  of  the  science. 

JUNIOR  YEAH. 

/  Term— Quantitative  Analysis.  Recitations  three  times 
a  week.  Laboratory  practice  daily.  With  good  facilities  the 
are  taught  to  analyze  coal,  water,  manures,  fertilizers 
etc.  The  ladies'  course  embraces  the  detection  of  adulterations 
in  food,  value  of  soap,  analysis  of  water,  etc.,  thus  bringing 
Chemistry  in  i  every  day  life  and  particularly  into  household 
affairs. 

■id  Term.— Quantitative   Analysis.    Organic   Chemistry. 


28 

Recitations  and  laboratory  practice  each  twice  a  week.  Organic 
Chemistry  is  taught  by  text  book  and  lectures.  The  student 
now  takes  up  food  analyses,  (the  fat  and  muscle  producers),  and 
begins  to  apply  his  chemistry  directly  to  the  farm  and  its 
products.  Different  kinds  of  soil  and  their  relations  to  plants, 
now  are  studied  and  fit  the  student  for  the  studies  in  the  Senior 
year.  The  ladies'  course  includes  the  study  of  Domestic  Chemis- 
try, taught  once  a  wreek  by  lectures,  affording  instruction  in  such 
subjects  as  the  chemistry  of  cooking,  in  all  its  branches,  ventila- 
tion, diet  in  sick  room,  remedies  for  poisons  and  cases  of  emer- 
gency, etc. 

SENIOR  YEAR. 

First  Term.— Agricultural  Chimestry,  taught  by  lectures  twice 
a  week.  The  student  now  studies  the  chemistry  of  the  soil ;  the 
enriching  of  it  when  deficient  in  any  element,  by  manuring;  the 
chemistry  of  the  plant  and  the  influence  of  the  weather  on  it, 
and  the  use  to  the  animal  in  fattening  and  producing  muscle. 

Second  Term. — Quantitative  Analysis  of  Food.  In  this  term 
the  student  works  in  conjunction  with  experiments  tried  on  the 
farm ;  finds  by  analysis  how  much  of  the  food  is  assimilated  by 
the  animal,  how  much  wrasted;  how  crops  vary  in  their  chemical 
constituents  when  grown  on  different  soils  and  climates,  and 
thus  deduce  which  crops  are  best  fitted  for  our  own  soil. 

PHYSICS. 

Physics  is  studied  through  the  Sophomore  and  Junior  years. 
During  the  first  term,  the  Sophomores  study  the  mechanics  of 
solids,  liquids  and  gases.  The  subjects  of  Light  and  Sound 
are  considered  during  the  second  term,  while  Heat  occupies  the 
Junior  class  for  the  first  half  of  the  year.  Electricity,  magnet- 
ism and  Meteorology  complete  the  course  during  the  second 
term  of  the  Junior  year.  A  physical  cabinet,  which  has  cost 
about  .$5,000,  furnishes  excellent  facilities  for  illustrating  the 
principles  of  Physics,  and  the  new  Physical  Laboratory,  with  its 
well  ordered  lecture  room,  affords  all  the  conveniences  for  mak- 
ing this  study  profitable. 

SPECIAL  COURSE  IN  PHYSICS. 

This  course  occupies  the  Senior  year.  During  the  first  term 
the  student  is  taught  the  methods  of  physical  investigation. 


29 

Jevons'  Principles  of  Science  is  read,  with  laboratory  practice 
twice  each  week.  Astronomy  is  taught  during  the  second  term, 
and  the  student  is  required  to  solve  practical  problems  in  Physics. 
Laboratory  practice  twice  each  week. 

DEPARTMENT  OF  J3IOLOGY. 

Instruction  in  Biology  extends  through  two  and  a  half  College 
years,  beginning  with  the  second  term  of  the  Freshman  year. 
It  includes  Human  Physiology,  Botany,  General  Zoology,  Ento- 
mology and  Comparative  Anatomy. 

HUMAN  PHYSIOLOGY. 

The  Freshmen  of  all  the  courses  are  required  to  attend  three 
recitations  or  lectures  per  week  on  Human  Physiology,  during 
the  second  term  of  the  college  year.  Each  student  familiarizes 
himself  with  the  form  and  position  of  the  bones  of  the  human 
body  by  a  direct  examination  of  the  skeleton.  The  compound 
microscope  is  used  frequently  for  showing  the  more  important 
objects  which  are  too  minute  for  the  naked  eye.  The  object  of 
this  study  in  this  place  in  the  College  curriculum,  is  to  give  to 
the  student,  as  early  as  possible,  such  a  knowledge  of  the  struc- 
ture of  his  own  body  as  will  enable  him  to  take  reasonable  care 
of  it  during  the  trying  work  of  his  College  course.  The  text-book 
used  is  Hutchinson's  ''Treatise  on  Physiology  and  Hygiene," 
and  every  student  is  recommended  to  provide  himself  also  with 
Mivart's  "Lessons  in  Elementary  Anatomy,"  as  a  book  of  refer- 
ence. 

BOTANY. 

During  the  first  term  of  the  Sophomore  year,  students  of  all 
the  courses  have  three  recitations  or  lectures,  and  three  hours  of 
laboratory  practice  each  week  in  Elementary  Botany.  The  general 
structure  and  the  external  conformation  of  plants  are  taken  up  by 
the  student,  and  he  is  further  reqi  ired  to  familiarize  himself 
with  these,  by  making  careful  analyses  of  at  ^east  twenty  plants, 
recording  his  observations  and  submitting  them  to  the  professor 
for  examination.  He  also  prepares  and  i  lassifies  fifty  herbarium 
specimens,  which  are  submitted  at  the  end  of  the  term,  for 
examination  and  correction.    For  this  work  each  student  sup- 


30 

plies  himself  with  a  good  hand  lens,  dissecting  needles,  forceps,  a 
note  book,  etc.  The  text-book  used  is  Gray's  "School  and  Field 
Book  of  Botany." 

In  the  second  term  of  the  Sophomore  year,  two  hours  each 
week  are  spent  in  lectures  or  recitations  on  Systematic  Botany. 
The  laboratory  practice  for  this  term  consists  in  the  dis- 
section and  classification  of  Grasses,  Composites  and  some 
other  difficult  orders  of  plants.  The  leaf-forms  of  our  native  and 
cultivated  tress  are  studied  and  drawn,  and  the  differences 
between  species  are  accurately  pointed  out.  Fifty  additional 
herbarium  specimens  are  prepared,  as  in  the  first  term,  and  added 
to  each  student's  collection.  The  text-book  used  is  Gray's  "  Manual 
of  the  Botany  of  the  Northern  United  States."  Books  of  Pbefer- 
ence,  Torrey  and  Gray's  "  Flora  of  N".  A.,"  LeMaont  and  Decaisne's 
"General  System  of  Botany,"  DeCandolle's  " Prodronms." 

In  the  Junior  year,  during  the  first  term,  students  in  Botany 
have  five  recitations  or  lectures  and  three  hours  of  laboratory 
practice  each  week.  This  constitutes  the  advanced  course,  and 
includes  (1)  a  careful  study  of  the  deeper  questions  in  Vegetable 
Anatomy  and  Physiology,  (2)  Economic  Botany,  (3)  the  outlines  of 
Cryptogamic  Botany,  which  are  taken  up  in  the  order  given,  the 
term  being  about  equally  divided  among  the  three  topics.  The 
laboratory  practice  consists  in  examinations  made  by  means  of 
the  compound  microscope.  The  Botanical  Laboratory  possesses 
seven  good  instruments,  and  other  needful  apparatus,  and  with 
these  the  student  prepares  his  own  specimens  and  makes  his 
investigations.  Textbooks  and  books  of  reference,  Gray's 
"Structural  and  Systematic  Botany,"  Sach's  "Text  Book  of 
Botany,"  Johnson's  "How  Crops  Grow,"  Smith's  "Domestic 
Botany,"  Berkley's  "Introduction  to  Cryptogamic  Botany," 
Cooke's  "Handbook  of  British  Fungi." 

The  means  of  illustration  throughout  the  whole  course  in 
Botany  are:  (1),  The  college  herbarium;  (2),  a  collection  of  billets 
of  various  kinds  of  wTo:xls;  (■)),  a  collection  of  grasses;  (4),  a  col- 
lection of  c  nes  of  evergreens;  (5),  a  set  of  diagrams  and  charts; 
(6),  seven  compound  microscopes;  (7),  alcoholic  and  dry  material 
for  examination  in  Botanical  Laboratory;  (8),  students  also  have 
access  to  the  collections  of  mosses,  lichens  and  fungi,  belonging 
to  the  professor  in  charge. 


31 


GENERAL  ZOOLOGY. 


The  course  in  general  Zoology  occvpies  a  portion  of  the  last 
term  of  the  Sophomore  year.  The  method  of  instruction  is  a  com- 
bination of  the  recitation  system  with  lectures  and  museum  study: 
lessons  from  a  text  book  are  assigned  daily,  and  these  the  stu- 
dents are  required  to  carefully  prepare  and  recite;  lectures  are 
given  from  time  to  time  upon  the  more  important  topics  which 
are  not  sufficiently  dwelt  upon  in  the  text  book  ;  and  through- 
out the  term  the  student  spends  three  hours  each  week  in  the 
study  of  the  specimens  in  the  museum.  The  text  books  used 
are  Orton's  "Comparative  Zoology,"  and  Jordan's  "Manual  of  the 
Vertebrates  of  the  Northern  United  States."  Dr.  Coues'  "Key  to 
N.  A.  Birds. '  Van  Der  Hoeven's  "Hand-book  of  Zoology,"  and 
Carpenter's  Zoology  are. recommended  for  reference. 

ECONOMIC  ENTOMOLOGY. 

During  a  portion  of  the  fall  term  of  the  Sophomore  year,  En- 
tomology takes  the  place  of  General  Zoology.  After  obtaining 
from  the  text  book  a  general  knowledge  of  the  structure  and 
classification  of  insects,  the  student  attends  a  course  of  lectures, 
in  which  all  the  more  prominently  harmful  insects  are  taken 
up  and  discussed.  In  each  case  the  life-history  of  the  insect  is 
dwelt  upon,  as  of  the  greatest  importance  in  enabling  the  farm- 
er or  gardener  to  suggest  remedies  ;  the  various  checks  and  rem- 
edies are  taken  up  and  discussed,  and  the  student  is  invited  to 
freely  give  his  opinion  as  to  their  value  and  practicability.  Text 
books  and  books  of  reference,  Packard's  "Guide  to  the  Study  of 
Insects,"  Riley's  "Reports  upon  the  Insects  of  Missouri,"  Harris' 
"Insects  Injurious  to  Vegetation." 

The  College  possesses  a  valuable  cabinet  of  insects,  which  is 
accessible  to  the  students  -of  this  department. 

COMPARATIVE  ANATOMY. 

This  study  is  designed  to  familiarize  the  student  with  the 
general  anatomy,  physiology  and  development  of  all  the  great 
groups  of  animals.  The  method  of  instruction  is  by  means  of 
daily  lectures  supplemented  by  an  examination  of  books  of 
reference.  Three  hours  of  laboratory  practice  each  week,  enable 
the  student  to  make  dissections  of  animals,  and  to  examine 
many  of  the  minuter  parts  by  means  of  the  microscope.  Books  of 
reference,  Carpenter's  "  Principles  of  Comparative  Physiology," 


32 

Packard's  "Life  Histories  of  Animals,"  Clark's  "Mind  in  Na- 
ture," Foster  &  Balfour's"  Elements  of  Embryology,"  Carpen- 
ter's "Mental  Physiology,"  Darwin's  "Origin  of  Species,"  "The 
Variation  of  Plants  and  Animals  under  Domestication," 
Deckel's  "History  of  Creation." 

GEOLOGY. 

This  study  is  pursued  by  the  Senior  class  during  the  first  term. 
The  subject  of  Mineralogy  is  first  studied  by  means  of  lectures 
and  specimens  from  the  Museum.  Dana's  text-book  of  Geology 
is  then  completed,  and  afterwards,  the  class  spends  from  two  to 
three  weeks  studying  the  Geology  of  Iowa.  A  course  of  lectures 
is  then  given  upon  Geology  as  related  to  Astronomy,  and  on 
various  other  important  subjects,  such  as:  Iowa  coal  mines, 
petroleum,  salt  and  gypsum,  origin  of  the  prairie,  and  kindred 
subjects.  As  aids  to  the  study,  the  Museum'  is  furnished  with  a 
full  series  of  Wards  geological  casts,  giving  examples  of  the 
fossils  peculiar  to  every  stage  of  the  world's  history.  The  Muse- 
um also  has  a  valuable  collection  of  the  more  important  minerals 
and  rocks,  and  additions  are  being  made  thereto  every  year. 
Occasional  excursions  are  made  by  this  class,  accompanied  by 
the  teacher,  to  places  in  the  vicinity  which  will  afford  the  best 
opportunity  for  the  study  of  practical  Geology. 

DOMESTIC  ECONOMY. 

Domestic  Economy  is  taught  to  the  young  ladies  of  the  Junior 
class  by  lectures  on  the  following  topics :  House  furnishing, 
ventilation,  water  supply,  cooking,  sewing,  management  of 
help,  care  of  the  sick,  training  of  children,  dress,  etc. 

MATHEMATICS. 

There  are  two  courses  in  mathematics,  a  lower  and  a  higher. 

The  lower  course  embraces : 

Freshman  Year. — Algebra  and  Geometry. — Loomis. 

o<     7    ™™.„  -tz™*.        i  Trigonometry. — Church. 
Sophomore  Year.-  j  Su£eying.-&flfe^ 

The  higher  course  embraces : 

a     7,  ^  ~„  tt^„        S  Analytical  Geometry. — Chauvenet. 
Sophomore  Year.-  j  Descriptive  Qe0metvy. -Church. 

i  Differential  and  Integral  Calculus. 
Descriptive  Geometry,  Shades,  Shad- 
ows, and  Perspective. — Church. 


33 

The  lower  course  is  designed  for  all  the  students,  and  the 
higher  course  especially  for  those  who  pursue  the  studies  in 
Mechanical  or  Civil  Engineering. 

Instruction  is  given  by  text-books,  daily  recitation,  and 
lectures.  The  subject  is  illustrated,  and  the  theory  applied 
by  the  construction  and  solution  of  numerous  problems.  Stu- 
dents in  surveying  are  required  to  practice  daily,  by  divisions, 
in  the  field  during  the  latter  part  of  the  spring  term.  They  use 
the  instruments,  keep  the  notes,  plat  the  surveys,  and  obtain  a 
thorough  knowledge  of  all  practical  operations. 

BOOK-KEEPING. 

The  instruction  in  book-keeping  is  given  in  connection  with 
the  lessons  and  exercises  in  Bryant  &  Stratton's  larger  text-book. 
Each  student  opens  and  keeps  a  full  set  of  books  in  double 
entry  ;  writes  business  letters,  contracts,  receipts,  bank  checks, 
accounts  of  sales,  bills  of  lading,  and  other  business  and  legal 
papers  ;  rules,  and  keeps  the  various  auxiliary  books  useful  in 
business  ;  files  and  preserves  vouchers,  and  in  general,  does 
what  he  would  be  called  upon  to  do  in  actual  business.  In  ad- 
dition, tri-weekly  recitations  are  made  upon  the  principles  in- 
volved and  their  applications. 

CIVIL  ENGINEEKING. 

It  is  the  purpose  of  this  department  to  afford  to  the 
student  a  plain  and  practical,  but  thorough  course  in  the 
application  of  the  mathematical  and  physical  sciences  to  the 
profession  of  Civil  Engineering.  The  first  step  in  this  course 
is  taken  in  the  Sophomore  year,  in  the  study  and  practice  of 
Land  Surveying.  The  instruction  in  the  class  room  is  supple- 
mented by  work  in  the  field,  where  the  student  becomes  ac- 
quainted with  all  the  manual  portions  of  the  business  and 
acquires  proficiency  in  the  use  of  the  chain,  compass,  transit,  and 
other  instruments.  The  data  taken  in  the  field  are  kept  as 
in  actual  work,  and  from  them  the  areas  are  calculated  and  the 
fields  plotted. 

In  the  Junior  year  the  study  becomes  more  strictly  technical. 
The  student  now  studies  the  various  methods  of  laying  out 
railway  curves,  putting  in  switches  and  side-tracks,  and  set- 
ting slope-stakes.  Nearly  all  of  the  important  problems  inves- 
tigate I  in  the  class  room  are  taken  into  the  field  and  staked  out 


34 

upon  the  ground.  Data  are  taken  in  the  field  for  problems  in 
earth-work,  both  excavations  and  embankments,  whose  con- 
tents are  calculated.  In  the  latter  part  of  the  year  the  general 
principles  of  the  construction  of  roads,  railways,  canals,  water- 
works, &c.  are  studied,  with  problems  upon  the  flow  of  fluids 
and  the  general  principles  of  hydraulics.  During  this  year  also, 
a  practice  survey  of  a  portion  of  a  line  of  railway  is  undertaken, 
and  the  engineering  of  the  work  carried  as  far  as  is  possible 
without  the  actual  construction.  The  line  is  run,  the  curves 
put  in,  the  profile  taken,  the  grades  established,  and  it  is  then 
cross-sectioned  and  left  ready  for  the  contractor.  The  notes  of 
this  work  are  kept  exactly  as  in  actual  practice,  and  from  them 
a  profile  and  plan  in  detail  are  drawn,  including  also  the  more 
important  topographical  features  of  the  adjoining  lands. 

During  the  Senior  year  the  student  devotes  himself  to  the 
study  of  the  higher  problems  of  engineering,  such  as  the  sta- 
bility and  strength  of  arches  and  suspension  bridges,  the  con- 
struction of  bridge  and  roof  trusses  and  girders,  and  the  laying 
of  foundations.  A  portion  of  the  last  term  of  this  year  is  de- 
voted to  the  designing  of  structures  and  calculations  of  their 
strength,  with  detailed  drawings  of  the  same,  in  a  word  the 
"  office  work  "  of  a  constructing  engineer. 

MECHANICS. 

During  the  past  year  the  students  in  the  wood-working 
department  have  made  several  articles  of  furniture,  a  first-class 
cabinet  work-bench,  and  prepared  much  of  the  material  used 
in  wainscoting  and  repairing  the  college  building.  The  stu- 
dents in  the  machine  shop  have  constructed  from  working  draw- 
ings a  four  horse-power  engine,  which  is  now  set  up  in  the 
Printing  Department  and  is  used  to  run  the  printing  presses. 
They  have  made  many  tools  and  attachments  to  the  machines 
in  the  shop,  such  as  taps,  drill  chucks,  planer  chucks,  standard 
face  plates,  etc. 

"With  the  shops  as  now  equipped  a  limited  number  of  stu- 
dents can  receive  instruction  in  workshop  practice,  equal  to 
that  received  in  any  workshop,  with  this  difference :  here  he 
enters  into  the  work  with  special  reference  to  instruction,  and 
not  for  the  purpose  of  enriching  the  profession,  as  is  the  case 
while  serving  an  apprenticeship. 


35 

The  Department  of  Mechanics  is  intended  to  prepare  students 
for  the  profession  of  mechanical  engineering,  and  is  pursued 
during  the  Junior  and  Senior  years  by  those  who  complete  the 
course. 

It  is  intended  to  supply  a  class  of  men  who  are  not  merely 
practical  nor  wholly  theoretical ;  but  who,  guided  by  correct 
principles,  shall  be  able  to  invent,  design,  construct,  or  manage 
machinery  in  any  of  the  industrial  pursuits. 

To  this  end  the  plan  of  instruction  is  two-fold.  First,  the- 
oretical; second,  practical ;  hence,  practice  in  the  workshop  is 
required  of  all  who  complete  the  course.  The  theoretical  instruc- 
tion is  imparted  by  means  of  recitations  from  text-books  and 
lectures,  illustrated  by  models  and  plates. 

The  practical  instruction  will  consist  of  projects,  in  which 
the  student  shall  be  required  to  produce  some  machine  of  new 
design,  or  one  which  shall  be  of  practical  utility  to  the  College 
or  to  those  who  may  avail  themselves  of  our  advantages  for 
manufacturing.  For  this  purpose,  the  student  will  have  the 
use  of  the  machinery  and  tools  in  the  workshop,  under  the  di- 
rection of  the  teacher  ;  the  instruction  being  according  to  the 
most  approved  methods  of  machine-shop  practice.  This  will 
teach  the  student  the  manner  in  which  the  mechanical  engineer 
carries  his  design  into  execution,  and  to  so  proportion  and  dis- 
pose of  the  parts  of  a  machine  as  to  secure  the  greatest  econ- 
omy in  construction  and  durability.  The  student  will  also  take 
indicator  diagrams  from  the  engine  in  the  workshop,  and  deter- 
mine from  them  the  power  developed  by  the  steam  while  work- 
ing with  different  degrees  of  expansion. 

COURSE  OF  STUDY. 

Analytical  Mechanics.— Representation  and  measurement  of 
forces ;  composition  and  resolution  of  forces ;  center  of  gravity ; 
elementary  machines ;  motion  in  straight  lines ;  uniform  and 
varied  motion ;  curvilinear  motion;  centrifugal  force;  moment 
of  inertia;  laws  of  impact  and  center  of  percussion;  work  done 
in  overcoming  resistance ;  accumulation  of  work;  work  done 
by  motors. 

Resistance  of  Matei'ials.—Lciws  and  coefficients  of  elasticity; 
work  of  elongation  and  time  of  oscilliation,  set,  viscosity ;  mod- 
ulus of  strength,  safe  limits,  tension  and  compression;  strength 
of  columns;  theory  of  flexures  and  rupture,  neutral  axis; shear- 


36 

ing  stress,  flexure  of  beams  and  columns ;  tensions ;  shocks ; 
crystallization;  experiments  and  practical  formula. 

Cinematics  and  Principles  of  Mechanism. — Relative  motions 
of  points  in  any  system  of  connected  lines  or  pieces ;  motion 
considered  independent  of  force ;  velocity  ratio ;  investigation 
of  the  motion  of  the  different  elementary  parts  of  a  machine ; 
correct  working  gear;  teeth;,  gearing  chains;  escapements; 
link  work. 

Machine  Drawing. — Drawings  of  original  design;  drawings 
completely  finished  in  water  colors,  and  in  line  drawing,  and 
detailed  drawings  for  the  workshop;  such  as  are  made  in  the 
best  manufactories  of  the  country ;  prime  movers ;  wind-wheels, 
water-wheels,  steam  and  hot  air  engines. 

The  course  in  the  workshop  is  so  arranged  as  to  give  the  stu- 
dent a  thorough  drill  in  the  use  of  all  tools  for  working  wood 
and  iron  ;  and  in  the  management  of  wood  and  iron  working 
machinery. 

GENERAL  DESCRIPTION  OF  WORKSHOP. 

The  wood-working  shop  is  a  two-story  building,  thirty  by 
fifty  feet.  It  contains  a  fifteen  horse-power  Harris  Corliss 
engine ;  a  boiler  with  Stilwell  heater ;  eighty  feet  of  2  inch  turned 
shafting,  with  the  most  improved  iron  hangers  and  pulleys.  It 
also  contains  a  Fay  pony  planer;  a  Fay  gig  saw;  a  Fay  sash, 
mortiser,  and  a  circular  saw ;  six  work-benches,  with  six  full 
sets  of  bench  tools.  The  engine  has  a  Richard's  indicator  fitted 
to  it  for  the  purpose  of  taking  diagrams. 

The  machine  shop  is  in  the  basement  of  the  new  laboratory, 
and  is  connected  with  the  wood-working  shop  by  means  of  a 
wire  rope  transmission.  It  contains  a  line  of  shafting  62  ft. 
long,  which  is  fitted  with  the  best  self-oiling  hangers ;  a  20  in. 
by  12  ft.  Fitchburg  lathe;  a  16  in.  by  8  ft.  Washburn  lathe;  a 
Washburn  hand  lathe;  a  22  in.  by  5  ft.  Fitchburg  planer; 
an  18  in.  Fitchburg  drill;  also  a  full  set  of  fluted  reamers, 
flat  reamers,  twist  drills,  taps,  dies,  etc. 

ENGLISH  LANGUAGE  AND  LITERATURE. 

FRESHMAN  YEAR.— ALL  COURSES. 

First  Term.— Analysis  of  the  English  sentence  (Welch's),  and 
Rhetoric. 
Second  Term.— Elements  of  Criticism.— (Karnes'). 


37 

SOPHOMORE  YEAR.— LADIES'  COURSE. 

This  year  embraces  the  course  in  English  Literature,  proper. 

First  Term. — English  Literature,  embracing  the  early  history 
of  the  English  Language,  and  a  critical  study  of  the  biography, 
literary  labors,  style,  etc.,  of  the  representative  authors  of  the 
marked  epochs  of  English  History,  special  stress  being  laid  on 
the  political  and  religious  influences  at  work  in  the  times  in 
which  they  wrote. 

SENIOR  YEAR.— COURSE   FOR  THE  AGRICULTURISTS 
AND  LADIES. 

Second  Term.— Science  of  Language.  Prof.  W.  1).  Whitney's 
work,  entitled,  "  Language  and  the  study  of  Language,"  is  the 
text-book  used.  In  this  study  the  student  is  made  familiar 
with  the  underlying  principles  of  linguistic  growth  and  decay, 
and  the  processes  of  phonetic  change,  the  genetic  and  morpho- 
logical classifications  of  all  the  great  families  of  tongues  on  the 
face  of  the  earth,  and  the  conclusions  reached  by  the  great  mas- 
ters in  comparative  philology  on  the  origin  of  language,  its  re- 
lation to  thought,  and  its  bearing  on  the  question  of  the  unity 
of  the  human  race. 

Two  plays  of  Shakspeare  are  critically  studied  with  the  view 
more  particularly  of  fixing  the  import  of  the  "  Shakspearian 
phraseology,"  and  exercising  the  students'  powers  on  obscure 
and  highly  wrought  passages.  These  plays  are  afterwards 
made  the  material  for  elocutionary  drill. 

FRENCH. 

French  is  studied  during  one  year  of  the  course  by  the  ladies, 
and  by  the  gentlemen  in  the  mechanical  course.  Fasquelle's 
"  French  Course "  is  studied  thoroughly,  and  then  one  term  is 
almost  entirely  occupied  in  making  translations  from  Knapp's 
French  Reader. 

PSYCHOLOGY. 

The  study  of  psychology  occupies  one  hour  daily  through  the 
first  term  of  the  Senior  year.  It  is  pursued  first  by  text-book 
and  recitations,  afterwrards  by  listening  to  familiar  lectures,  and 
finally  by  the  preparation  and  reading  of  essays  on  the  most 
important  topics  which  the  science  presents.  The  purpose 
sought  in  the  study  is  not  to  acquire  the  habit  of  idly  speculat- 


38 

ing  on  questions  which  lie  beyond  the  limits  of  human  knowl- 
edge, but  rather  to  gain  a  thorough  insight  into  human  nature, 
and  the  springs  of  human  conduct.    All  intercourse  with  men 

calls  such  knowledge  into  exercise 

POLITICAL  ECONOMY. 

Political  economy  is  the  science  of  exchange.  It  presents  and 
expounds  the  laws  of  business  in  all  their  complexity.  Indus- 
trial education,  especially  at  the  present  day,  is  incomplete 
without  a  familiarity  with  the  principles  that  underlie  the 
commercial  transactions  whether  small  or  great.  In  nearly  all 
the  vocations,  a  lack  of  such  knowledge  is  almost  a  fatal 
deficiency.  Political  economy.is  studied  during  the  senior  term, 
by  means  of  recitations,  discussions  and  essays. 

COMPOSITION. 

The  Freshman  class  give,  during  the  entire  year,  one  hour  a 
week  to  careful  .drill,  in  the  class  room,  in  English  composition  ; 
essays  and  written  discussions  are  prepared  and  brought  to  class 
where  they  are  criticised  and  corrected. 

ELOCUTION. 

The  Freshmen  have  regular  drill  in  Elocution  once  a  week 
during  the  whole  year.  Pieces  are  prepared  in  the  class  in 
composition  and  then  are  practiced  and  spoken  in  the  elocution 
class. 

MUSIC. 

Music  is  not,  by  law,'  a  regular  study  in  the  College  curricu- 
lum. Opportunities  are  given,  however,  to  such  as  desire  it,  to 
take  lessons  upon  the  organ  or  piano,  and  also  in  vocal  culture. 
The  rates  of  charge  are  as  follows  : 

Lessons  on  piano,  (one  each  week) $10  per  term. 

Lessons  in  vocal  culture,  (two  each  week) 12  per  term. 

Lessons  on  organ,  (one  each  week^  with  practice 

every  day 10  per  term. 

Students  pay  for  tuning  instruments  twenty-five  cents  per 
month.    Sheet  music  extra. 


39 

MILITARY  TACTICS  AND  ENGINEERING. 

This  department,  established  pursuant  to  act  of  Congress,  will 
be  conducted  in  strict  conformity  with  United  States  Army  Reg- 
ulations, the  course  embodying  the  following  branches  of  study : 

Military  Engineering— Yield  and  Permanent  Fortifications; 
military  bridges ;  mining;  topographical  and  free-hand  drawing. 

Military  Tactics.— Infantry,  cavalry,  artillery,  bayonet  and 
broad-sword  exercise. 

Gunnery  and  Ordnance. — Theory  of  Projectiles,  Siege,  Artil- 
lery and  Mortar  practice. 

Military  Law. — Practice  of  Courts-Martial;  United  States 
Army  Regulations. 

Practical  instruction  will  be  given  in  some  one  of  the  differ- 
ent arms  of  the  service  three  times  a  week. 

The  following  branches  will  be  taught  through  the  succes- 
ive  Collegiate  years  : 

Freshman. — Schools  of  the  Soldier  and  Company. 

Sophomore. — Practical  instruction  in  the  schools  of  the  Sol- 
der and  Company ;  Field  Artillery,  Bayonet  and  Sword  exercise. 

Junior. — Schools  of  the  Soldier  and  Company ;  Bayonet  and 
Sword  exercise. 

Senior.— Military  Engineering ;  School  of  the  Battallion ;  Ord- 
nance and  Gunnery ;  Cavalry  Tactics ;  Military  Law. 

Text  Books.— The  text  books  used  are  Upton's  "  Infantry  Tac- 
tics," McClellan's  "Bayonet  Exercise,"  Mahan's  "Military  Engi- 
neering," Smith's  "Field  Artillery."  Works  of  reference  are  the 
following  :  Scott's  "Military  Dictionary,"  Duparco's  "Military 
Art  and  United  States  Army  Regulations." 

Recitations  and  Drill. — Each  class  will  recite  or  drill  at  least 
•once  a  week  in  the  following  order,  viz: 

Freshmen,  Wednesdays  from  3:45  to  4:45  p.m. 

Sophomores,  Tuesdays  from  10  to  11  a.  m. 

Juniors,  Thursdays  from  9  to  10  A.  m. 

Seniors,  Mondays,  from  9  to  10  a.  m. 
The  above  classes  will  be  organized  into  a  College  Battalion, 
the  officers  for  the  same  being  appointed  in  the  following  man- 
ner: Staff  and  Field  officers  from  the  Junior  and  Senior  classes 
and  others  from  the  Freshmen  and  Sophomore  classes  according 
tj  merit.  The  names  of  such  as  may  be  deemed  eligible  by  the 
•commandant  of  the  Battalion  and  President  of  the  College,  will 


40 

be  forwarded  through  the  Adjutant  General's  office  to  the  Gov- 
ernor of  the  State,  for  coin  mission. 

By  the  late  action  of  the  Board  of  Trustees  of  the  College,  all 
students  taking  the  military  course  must  be  uniformed.  It  will 
therefore  be  necessary  that  those  who  intend  entering  the  course 
in  the  spring  of  1877,  be  furnished  with  uniform  this  winter. 
The  uniform  required  will  be  one  regulation  hat,  one,  blue 
blouse,  one  pair  blue  pants.    The  course  is  optional. 

The  whole  cost  will  not  exceed  $20.00.  The  material  will  be  of 
good  quality,  and  suitable  for  ordinary  wear  on  the  College  Farm. 

Send  measurement  and  the  money  to  Gen.  Geddes,  Deputy 
Treasurer,  as  sooniis  possible. 

THE  MUSEUM. 

The  College  has  a  valuable  and  growing  museum.  Rooms 
have  been  especially  provided  for  the  purpose,  in  the  main  Col- 
lege building.  The  departments  of  Geology,  Zoology,  Entomol- 
ogy and  Anatomy,  are  well  provided  for  by  well  preserved  spec- 
imens for  illustration.  Among  the  prominent  and  interesting 
features  of  the  museum  may  be  mentioned  a  full  set  of  the 
Ward  series  of  Geological  casts.  These  casts  are  restored  forms 
of  extinct  animals.  They  are  said  by  prominent  naturalists,  to 
be  superior  for  purposes  of  illustration,  to  the  original  speci- 
mens from  which  they  were  copied,  and  represent  the  principal 
extinct  animals  which  have  existed  from  the  earliest  times  to 
the  present  day.  A  valuable  and  well  preserved  set  of  Iowa 
serpents  has  been  collected.  A  set  of  the  birds  of  the  State 
woods,  shells,  the  more  important  minerals  and  rocks,  fossils, 
seeds,  specimens  of  the  plants  of  the  West,  mammals,  etc.,  are 
other  interesting  features  of  the  museum. 

THE  NEW  LABORATORY. 

This  building  was  completed  last  year.  In  size  it  is  sev- 
enty feet  long,  by  forty  in  breadth,  and  three  stories  and  a  half 
high,  including  the  basement.  This  building,  together  with  the 
old  laboratory  which  joins  it,  affords  commodious  apartments 
for  the  purpose  for  which  it  was  designed.  The  basement  of  the 
new  portion  contains  a  boiler  for  heating  the  entire  building, 
and  valuable  machinery  for  working  in  iron  ;  power  being  trans- 
mitted from  the  work-shop  by  means  of  an  endless  wire  rope. 
The  old  laboratory  and  the  first  floor  of  the  new,  are  occupied 


41 

solely  by  the  department  of  Chemistry.  The  rooms  are  furnished 
with  tables,  gas,  water,  and  all  conveniences  needed  in  a  first 
class  chemical  laboratory.  The  second  floor  is  occupied  by  the 
department  of  Physics.  An  excellent  lecture  room,  well  fur- 
nished, occupies  the  south  half  of  the  floor,  and  rooms  for  the 
physical  cabinet  and  private  work  the  remainder.  The  upper 
floor  is  lighted  by  skylights  from  the  roof,  and  furnishes  an  ex- 
cellent drawing-room  for  the  Mechanical  department,  and  a  room 
to  be  used  as  an  observatory. 

These  conveniences  furnish  the  departments  of  Physics  and 
Chemistry  with  very  superior  facilities  for  giving  instruction  to 
advanced  students.  Opportunity  is  offered  for  the  student  to 
study  in  the  best  possible  way,  by  actually  performing  the  ex- 
periments for  himself.  Both  Physics  and  Chemistry  can  be 
taught  to  as  good  advantage  as  in  any  of  the  Western  Colleges. 

A  good  experiment,  either  in  Physics  or  Chemistry,  is  never 
forgotten.  The  student  who  actually  handles  the  apparatus  and 
performs  the  experiments  in  chemistry  for  himself  gets  there 
from  a  knowledge  which  cannot  be  obtained  from  books.  The 
beautiful  lecture-room  experiments  upon  light,  heat  and  elec- 
tricity appeal  to  the  senses  as  well  as  to  the  intellectual  faculties 
andawaken  an  interest  in  study  which  can  be  stirred  in  no  other 
er  way.  The  new  education  teaches  the  hand  as  well  as  the 
head.  It  teaches  things  and  not  books.  The  Agr'cultural  Col- 
lege is  in  full  sympathy  with  the  new  education,  and  opens  wid.3 
the  doors  of  its  new  laboratory  for  the  use  of  all  lovers  of  sci- 
ence with  practice. 

LIBRARY. 

Early  in  the  history  of  the  College  an  appropriation  of  several 
thousand  dollars  was  made  for  the  commencement  of  a  library. 
Every  year  an  addition  of  several  hundred  volumes  is  made  to 
the  original  nucleus,  so  that  the  whole  number  of  volumes  is  now 
about  five  thousand.  The  library  is  designed  to  be  a  working 
one.  The  books  purchased  are  such  as  will  most  effectively  aid 
the  teachers  and  students  in  the  special  work  of  the  different 
departments  of  the  College.  Pull  sets  of  the  most  prominent 
encyclopedias  have  been  purchased ;  such  as  the  Encyclopedia 
Brittanica,  the  American  and  Chambers',  besides  numerous 
cyclopedias  of  dates  and  biography.  The  library  is  divided  into 
alcoves  and  well  arranged  and  fitted  with  tables,  shelving,  etc. 


42 

In  one  alcove  may  be  found  the  works  of  the  modern  standard 

poets,  historians  and  writers  of  fiction  ;  such  as  Scott,  Macaulay, 
Dickens  and  Froude.  Another  alcove  contains  the  standard 
works  upon  Physics,  Metaphysics,  Geology  and  of  the  British 

Essayists.  On  a  little  furter  may  be  found  the  American  Jour- 
nals of  Science  for  the  past  thirty  years ;  the  prominent  works  on 
Agriculture,  Horticulture  and  Applied  Science. 

The  naturalist  can  find  the  works  of  Audubon,  with  beautiful 
plates  of  the  birds  and  quadrupeds  of  America  painted  to  na- 
ture. The  library  is  in  receipt  constantly  of  many  of  the  prom- 
inent daily  and  wreekly  newspapers  of  the  State,  and  also  of  many 
of  the  monthly  magazins  and  periodicals  of  the  United  States 
and  Europe.  It  is  open  eight  hours  each  day  for  the  use  of 
students  and  teachers. 


MEANS  OF  ILLUSTRATION 


In  the  Museum— 

A  collection  of  the  principal  minerals. 
Geological  specimens  from  the  Iowa  survey. 
A  set  of  models  of  the  larger  fossils. 
Collections  of  mammals,  birds  and  reptiles. 
Seeds  and  products  of  agricultural  plants.. 
Collections  of  skulls  and  skeletons. 
A  cabinet  of  insects. 

In  tiie  Herbarium— 

A  collection  of  the  plants  of  Iowa. 

A  collection  of  Lake  Superior  plants. 

Miscellaneous  collections  from  the  Eastern  States. 

Blocks  of  wood  of  trees  and  shrubs. 

A  set  of  the  more  important  grasses. 

Diagrams  and  charts. 

Professor  Bessey's  collections  of  Mosses  and  Fungi. 

In  the  Physical  Cabinet— 

A  Holtz  Electrical  Machine. 

A  Stereopticon,  with  photographic  slides. 

A  twenty  inch  Iiuhmkorf  coil,  made  by  Elliot,  of  London. 

A  Kitchie  Atwood  Machine. 

A  general  collection  of  apparatus,  including  Melloni's 

apparatus,  Geissler's  tubes,  Hero's  fountain,  etc. 

In  the  Chemical  Laboratory— 

Furnaces,  sand-baths,  hoods,  balances,  filter  pumps  and 
other  apparatus  for  general  and  analytical  chemistry. 

In  the  Mathematical  Room— 

Surveying  and  leveling  instruments. 
Draughting  instruments,  and  tables. 
Plates  of  machinery. 


44 

In  the  Workshop— 

A  Corliss  engine. 

Lathes  for  wood  and  iron. 

Scroll  machine. 

Dovetailing  machine. 

Mortising  machine. 

Planer. 

Hand  tools  for  wood  and  iron. 

On  the  Farm—* 

The  farm  itself  of  eight  hundred  acres  of  prairie  and  tim- 
ber land,  with  the  bams  and  stables  thereon. 
Herds  of  Short-horn,  Devon,  Ayshire,  and  Jersey  cattle. 
Spanish  Merino,  Cotswold,  and  Southdown  sheep. 
Berkshire  and  Poland-China  swine. 
A  vegetable  garden. 
A  small-fruit  garden. 
A  young  apple  orchard. 
Plantations  of  forest  trees. 

In  the  Armory— 

Forty  stand  Breech-Loading  Rifles. 
Forty  stand  Enfield  Rifles. 
Forty  Light  Sabres. 
A  12  pounder  Bronze  Cannon. 
Drums  and  Fifes. 


CALENDAR  FOR  1877. 


First  term  begins Wednesday,  March  7th. 

First  term  examinations July  10th,  11th,  12th. 

First  term  closes < July   12th. 

Second  term  begins July  18th. 

Second  term  examinations. November  12th,  13th,  14th. 

Address  before  the  Literary  Societies  .Monday  evening,  Nov.  12th. 

Address  before  the  Trustees Tuesday  evening,  Nov.  13th. 

Commencement Wednesday  afternoon,  November  14th. 

Term  closes November  14th. 


